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History of Croatia |
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There was a time, when the tourists fled from this country for the reason that it was standing on the verge of war. However, with the return of the stability visitors are coming to this country and it has evolved in the recent years as one of the most sought after tourist destinations.
As far as history of Croatia is concerned, it is the Croats who first arrived a this city and with their arrival, there took place the formation of two dukedoms, which were the dutchy of Littoral Croatia in the South and the duchy of Pannonian Croatia in the North and it is necessary to mention here that in the 19th century, the biggest part of the Christianization of the Croats came to an end.
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Tomislav, who belonged to the dynasty of Trpimirovic, was crowned as the king of Croatia in the year 925. He was the person, who united the Dalmatian and the Pannonian duchies with the intention of forming a state. He succeeded in defeating the Simon I (Bulgarian Tsar) in the battle, known as the Battle of the Bosnian Highlands and the medieval Croatian kingdom attained at its peak at the time, when it was ruled by Petar Kresmir IV.
In the Battle of Gvozd Mountain, the Croats acknowledged Coloman (the ruler of Hungary) as the king of Croatia. This new king introduced to his people the military as well the legal obligations. At this time, there were also to a great extent a rise of the native noble families, such as Subic and Frankopan. The Subec’s family’s princes of Bribir, exerted her influence and took control over large parts of Dalmatia. Bosnia and Slavonia and this did not last for long as later the Angevines (residents of Angou, a former province of the kingdom of France) established their hold over this land and restored royal power and they were the people who allowed Venice to buy Dalamatia and this incident took place in the year 1409.
As soon as the Turkish, started to penetrate into Europe, Croatia reverted back to its old position that is it became a border area. Henceforth, Croatia fought numerous battles and lost to the Ottoman Empire and as a result of defeat, the Croatia lost belts of territory.
The rule of the Hungary ruler of Croatia came to an end with the death of King Louis II and the battle of the Mohacs that took place in the year 1526 and the Hungarian authority got replaced by the Habsburg Monarchy. The 16th century witnessed the expansion of the Ottoman Empire and this empire included in itself, Lika (mountainous region of Croatia), western Bosnia and most parts of Slavonia. Towards the end of the 16th century, major portions of Slavonia and Croatia that were adjacent to the Ottoman Empire were made an integral part of the Military Frontier and the affairs of it were controlled by the military headquarters, which was situated in Vienna. The vacant portions were used by the Serbs, Germans, Vlachs and Croats.
In the year 1592, after the fall of the Bihac fort, there remained only a few parts of Croatia that remained unconquered and the Ottoman Empire for the first time faced revolt at Croatia and this revolt was followed by Battle of Sisak of the year 1593 and major portion of the territory that was lost was regained except for major portions of Herzegovnia and Bosnia.
By the 1700, the Ottoman Empire had lost its control over Hungary as well as Croatia and it was Austria that brought the whole empire under the central control.
The possession of the eastern Adriatic became a topic of dispute between the Austria and France after the 1797 fall of the Venetian Republic. However, in the year 1815 the Habsburg managed to secure them and Istria and Dalmatia became a part of the empire and Slavonia and Croatia remained under Hungary.
The mid – 19th century witnessed the emergence of the romantic nationalism that encountered the Magyarization and the Germanization of Croatia and in the year 1848, Croatia lost its domestic autonomy owing to the dual monarchy of Austria – Hungary and the revolution that were dominant in the Habsburg areas.
Towards then end of the year 1918, the parliament of Croatia broke off all relations with Austria – Hungary and Croatia as well as Slovania became an integral part of the Croats, Serbs and the State of Slovenes that are made up of the Southern Slavic territories of what is now known as the Austro- Hungarian Monarchy and it is the people’s council that is responsible for uniting the Kingdom of Serbia, with the Croats, Slovenes and the Kingdom of the Serbs and this kingdom in the year 1921 underwent changes and it is required to note that the new constitution abolished political/historical entities which included Slavonia and Croatia.
The formation of the Banovina of Croatia took place in the year 1939 and it included parts of Zeta, Danube Banates, Drina and Vrbas and it also had to itself Croatian Parliament. This Croatia included in itself the city of Dubrovnik, major portions of Herzegovnia and parts of Bosnia.
In the year 1941, the Axis occupation of the Yugoslavia, permitted the Ustase (Croatian extreme nationalist movement) to come into power and formed the “Independent State of Croatia” and the leader of the independent state of Croatia was Ante Pavelic and this independent state also had to face defeat at the end of the war.
Croatia became an integral part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in the year 1945 and it was headed by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. After this event, at Croatia, nationalization of the property took place and on the basis of the market socialism, economy was planned and the whole country of Croatia underwent a process associated with rebuilding. There were no restrictions as far as traveling was concerned and the residents of Croatia were also entitled to dental care, healthcare and tensions and there was also a change in the economic scenario of Croatia in a positive way.
Industrialization was also a part of this Croatia with the setting up of the several organizations and factories and by the start of the year 1992, the country of Croatia was completely transformed into a state that defined industrialization in the truest sense of the term and this industrialization also enabled Croatia to evolve as a popular tourist destination and one cannot ignore the role of the government in this respect.
The year 1990 witnessed for the first time free elections in the land of Croatia and the Croatian Democratic Union won.
The government of Croatia announced independence from Yugoslavia in the year 1951 on the 25th of June and the parliament of Croatia broke of its relationship with the Yugoslavia on the 8th of October, in the year 1991. This resulted in a war between Croatia and Yugoslavia and in the year 1992-1993 the people’s army of Yugoslavia, withdrew itself from Croatia.
In the year 2000, the elected president of Croatia was Stjepan Mesic and in the same year Croatia had to undergo few liberal forms.
toursrtocroatia gives the necessary information on History of Croatia.
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